Temporal bone
Temporal bone, by the way, is the most complex bone in our body. It is embryologically formed by the fusion of 11 ossification centers* that incorporate the peripheral part of the audio-vestibular system and provide all necessary channels and openings for multiple cranial nerves & blood vessels passing through it.
The list of terms:
Pars squamosa (facies cerebralis) – Squamous part (cerebral surface)Pars petrosa (pyramis) – Petrous part (pyramid) of temporal bone
Pars petrosa (processus mastoideus) – Petrous part (mastoid process)
Incisura parietalis – Parietal notch
Fissura petrosquamosa – Petrosquamous fissure
The list of terms:
Pars squamosa (facies temporalis) – Squamous part (temporal surface)Processus mastoideus (pars petrosa) – Mastoid process (petrous part)
Pars tympanica – Tympanic part
Incisura parietalis – Parietal notch
Crista supramastoidea – Supramastoid crest
Processus zygomaticus – Zygomatic process
Fissura tympanomastoidea – Tympanomastoid fissure
Fissura tympanosquamosa – Tympanosquamous fissure
Fissura petrosquamosa – Petrosquamous fissure
Fissura petrotympanica (Glasseri) – Petrotympanic fissure (glasserian fissure)
Porus acusticus externus – Opening of external acoustic meatus
Sulcus tympanicus – Tympanic groove
Incisura tympanica – Tympanic notch
Meatus acusticus externus – External acoustic (auditory) meatus
The list of terms:
Margo sphenoidalis – Sphenoidal borderMargo parietalis – Parietal border
Incisura parietalis – Parietal notch
Margo occipitalis – Occipital border
Margo posterior partis petrosae – Posterior border of petrous part of the temporal bone
Margo superior partis petrosae – Superior border of petrous part of the temporal bone
Apex partis petrosae – Apex of petrous temporal bone
Porus acusticus internus
Meatus acusticus internus – Internal acoustic (auditory) meatus
Apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli – External opening of vestibular aqueduct
Sulcus sinus sigmoidei – Groove for sigmoid sinus
Foramen mastoideum – Mastoid foramen
Impressiones digitatae – Digitate impressions
Juga cerebralia – Cerebral ridges of cranium
The list of terms:
Fissura petrosquamosa – Petrosquamous fissureCanalis musculotubarius – Musculotubal canal
Semicanalis m. tensoris tympani – Semicanal for tensor tympani muscle
Semicanalis tubae auditoriae (auditivae) – Semicanal for the auditory tube
Canalis caroticus – Carotid canal
Hiatus n. petrosi minoris – Hiatus of canal for lesser petrosal nerve
Hiatus n. petrosi majoris – Hiatus of canal for greater petrosal nerve
The list of terms:
Fissura petrosquamosa – Petrosquamous fissureTegmen tympani – Roog of tympanic cavity
Eminentia arcuata – Arcuate eminence
Impressio trigeminalis – Trigeminal impression
Apex partis petrosae – Apex of petrous temporal bone
Hiatus nervi petrosi minoris – Hiatus of canal for lesser petrosal nerve
Sulcus n. petrosi minoris – Groove for lesser petrosal nerve
Hiatus nervi petrosi majoris – Hiatus of canal for greater petrosal nerve
Sulcus n. petrosi majoris – Groove for lesser petrosal nerve
Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris – Groove for superior petrosal sinus
The list of terms:
Porus acusticus internusMeatus acusticus internus – Internal acoustic (auditory) meauts
Apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli – External opening of vestibular aqueduct
Fossa subarcuata – Subarcuate fossa
Sulcus sinus petrosi superioris – Groove for superior petrous sinus
Sulcus sinus sigmoidei – Groove for sigmoid sinus
Sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris – Groove for inferior petrous sinus
Incisura jugularis – Jugular notch
Processus intrajugularis – Intrajugular process
Processus styloideus – Styloid process
Vagina processus styloidei – Sheath of styloid process
Incisura mastoidea – Mastoid notch
Sulcus a. occipitalis – Groove for occipital artery
Foramen mastoideum – Mastoid foramen
The list of terms:
Tuberculum articulare – Articular tubercleFossa mandibularis – Mandibular fossa
Fissura tympanosquamosa – Tympanosquamous fissure
Fissura petrotympanica – Petrotympanic fissure
Processus mastoideus – Mastoid process
Incisura mastoidea – Mastoid notch
Sulcus a. occipitalis – Groove for occipital artery
Foramen mastoideum – Mastoid foramen
Processus styloideus – Styloid process
Foramen stylomastoideum – Stylomastoid foramen
Canalis facialis – Facial canal
Canalis caroticus – Carotid canal
Fossa jugularis – Jugular fossa
Canaliculus mastoideus – Mastoid canaliculus
Fossula petrosa – Petrosal fossula
Canaliculus tympanicus – Tympanic canaliculus
Apertura externa canaliculi cochleae – External opening of cochlear canaliculus
The list of terms:
Meatus acusticus internus – Internal acoustic (auditory) meatusCanalis facialis – Facial canal
Foramen stylomastoideum – Stylomastoid foramen
Genu canalis facialis – Genu of facial canal
Hiatus nervi petrosi majoris – Hiatus of canal for greater petrosal nerve
The red structure you see in the image above is the osseous labyrinth – the channel system surrounded by a thick cortical bone layer within the petrous part of the temporal bone. This cortical bone is one of the densest structure in our skeleton (petrous in Latin means stone-like), so the vestibular and hearing apparatus arranged in these channels is particularly well protected.
The list of terms:
Meatus acusticus internus – Internal acoustic (auditory) meatusCochlea
Vestibulum
Canales semicirculares – Osseous semicircular canals
Last update: 14/Nov/2020